feat: allow catching all exceptions

[KevinEady]

Add new compile-time define (NODE_ADDON_API_CPP_EXCEPTIONS_ALL) to enable catching all exceptions. This must be used in conjunction withNODE_ADDON_API_CPP_EXCEPTIONS.

Rename the NAPI_ prefixed exception preprocessor definitions (NAPI_CPP_EXCEPTIONS and NAPI_DISABLE_CPP_EXCEPTIONS) to be prefixed with our standard NODE_ADDON_API_ prefix in a backwards-compatible way.

Fixes: #1555

[KevinEady]

I'd like to discuss the naming of the new define NAPI_CPP_EXCEPTIONS_ALL ... to go with convention it should be NODE_ADDON_API_CPP_EXCEPTIONS_ALL.

We can use NODE_ADDON_API_CPP_EXCEPTIONS_ALL and introduce NODE_ADDON_API_CPP_EXCEPTIONS as a (backwards-compatible) replacement for NAPI_CPP_EXCEPTIONS_ALL ?

[KevinEady]

We discuss in the 18 Oct Node-API meeting:

• Use the NODE_ADDON_API_ prefix on the defines
• Should the "catch all" be the new default?
  • What about some best practices doc? We also mentioned this with the requiring basic finalizers option

[NickNaso]

Is this branch in sync with the main?

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 85.00000% with 6 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 66.29%. Comparing base (98aae33) to head (df4e6b1).
Report is 28 commits behind head on main.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
napi-inl.h	85.00%	1 Missing and 5 partials ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@ Coverage Diff @@## main #1593 +/- ## ========================================== - Coverage 66.35% 66.29% -0.07%  ========================================== Files 3 3 Lines 2143 2154 +11 Branches 703 708 +5 ========================================== + Hits 1422 1428 +6  Misses 150 150 - Partials 571 576 +5 

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[KevinEady]

Hi @vmoroz@mhdawson@legendecas@gabrielschulhof , I believe this is ready.

[legendecas]

Looks good to me! A minor suggestion...

[mhdawson]

LGTM