fix(integrations): properly handle exceptions in tool calls

[constantinius]

Description

Properly wrap tool calls in try/except and capture exceptions so that the Sentry issues are actually linked to the tool calls
Also fixed issue related to tool call argument retrieval

Issues

Closes https://linear.app/getsentry/issue/TET-1357/issue-associated-with-invoke-agent-instead-of-execute-tool

Reminders

• Please add tests to validate your changes, and lint your code using tox -e linters.
• Add GH Issue ID & Linear ID (if applicable)
• PR title should use conventional commit style (feat:, fix:, ref:, meta:)
• For external contributors: CONTRIBUTING.md, Sentry SDK development docs, Discord community

[linear]

TET-1357 Issue associated with invoke_agent instead of execute_tool

[codecov]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 89.47368% with 2 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 83.95%. Comparing base (e910302) to head (ea170e6).
⚠️ Report is 4 commits behind head on master.
✅ All tests successful. No failed tests found.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
...ntry_sdk/integrations/pydantic_ai/patches/tools.py	83.33%	2 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@ Coverage Diff @@## master #5065 +/- ## ========================================== + Coverage 83.88% 83.95% +0.07%  ========================================== Files 179 179 Lines 17916 17929 +13 Branches 3187 3188 +1 ========================================== + Hits 15029 15053 +24 + Misses 1914 1904 -10 + Partials 973 972 -1 

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
..._sdk/integrations/pydantic_ai/patches/agent_run.py	89.15% <100.00%> (-0.62%)	⬇️
sentry_sdk/integrations/pydantic_ai/utils.py	89.28% <100.00%> (+0.53%)	⬆️
...ntry_sdk/integrations/pydantic_ai/patches/tools.py	78.94% <83.33%> (-1.06%)	⬇️

... and 5 files with indirect coverage changes