Non-deterministic bytecode generation for frozenset

[peterebden]

BPO	34722
Nosy	@rhettinger, @benjaminp, @serhiy-storchaka, @yan12125, @peterebden, @pablogsal, @jefferyto
PRs	bpo-34722: Consistent serialization of sets in bytecode #9472

^{Note: these values reflect the state of the issue at the time it was migrated and might not reflect the current state.}

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GitHub fields:

assignee = None
closed_at = None
created_at = <Date 2018-09-18.13:53:47.451>
labels = ['interpreter-core', '3.9']
title = 'Non-deterministic bytecode generation'
updated_at = <Date 2021-09-05.02:16:59.920>
user = 'https://github.com/peterebden'

bugs.python.org fields:

activity = <Date 2021-09-05.02:16:59.920>
actor = 'yan12125'
assignee = 'none'
closed = False
closed_date = None
closer = None
components = ['Interpreter Core']
creation = <Date 2018-09-18.13:53:47.451>
creator = 'Peter Ebden'
dependencies = []
files = []
hgrepos = []
issue_num = 34722
keywords = ['patch']
message_count = 8.0
messages = ['325644', '325657', '325658', '325736', '325837', '344238', '347820', '401066']
nosy_count = 7.0
nosy_names = ['rhettinger', 'benjamin.peterson', 'serhiy.storchaka', 'yan12125', 'Peter Ebden', 'pablogsal', 'jefferyto']
pr_nums = ['9472']
priority = 'high'
resolution = None
stage = 'patch review'
status = 'open'
superseder = None
type = None
url = 'https://bugs.python.org/issue34722'
versions = ['Python 3.9']

[peterebden]

We've found that the following code produces non-deterministic bytecode,
even post PEP-552:

def test(x):
 if x in{'ONE', 'TWO', 'THREE'}:
 pass

It's not too hard to test it:

$ python3.7 -m compileall --invalidation-mode=unchecked-hash test.py
Compiling 'test.py'...
$ sha1sum __pycache__/test.cpython-37.pyc
61e5682ca95e8707b4ef2a79f64566664dafd800 __pycache__/test.cpython-37.pyc
$ rm __pycache__/test.cpython-37.pyc
$ python3.7 -m compileall --invalidation-mode=unchecked-hash test.py
Compiling 'test.py'...
$ sha1sum __pycache__/test.cpython-37.pyc
222a06621b491879e5317b34e9dd715bacd89b7d __pycache__/test.cpython-37.pyc

It looks like the peephole optimiser is converting the LOAD_CONST instructions
for the set into a single LOAD_CONST for a frozenset which then serialises in
nondeterministic order. One can hence work around it by setting PYTHONHASHSEED
to a known value.

I'm happy to help out with this if needed, although I don't have a lot of
familiarity with the relevant code.

[rhettinger]

Have a look at line 512 in Python/marshal.c which calls PyObject_GetIter(). We would need to add PySequence_List() and PyList_Sort(). This will slow down marshaling but would make the bytecode deterministic.

[serhiy-storchaka]

Not all types are orderable.

>>> sorted({'', None})
Traceback (most recent call last):
 File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
TypeError: '<' not supported between instances of 'NoneType' and 'str'

[peterebden]

Thanks for the pointer, I'll have a bit more of a dig into it (although Serhiy makes a good point too...).

[benjaminp]

Possibly we should just sort the individual marsahalled entries of the frozenset.

[rhettinger]

Bumping up the priority a bit on this one. It would be nice to get it in for 3.8.

[yan12125]

I encounter another case that leads to non-deterministic bytecode. For example, with commit e6b46aa + PR 9472, I got:

$ cat foobar.py
_m = None
$ PYTHONHASHSEED=0 ./python -m compileall --invalidation-mode=unchecked-hash foobar.py
Compiling 'foobar.py'...
$ sha256sum __pycache__/foobar.cpython-39.pyc
7f84b08d5536390d6ce4ccb2d65e259449c56549ee9cc67560f61771824f20ea __pycache__/foobar.cpython-39.pyc
$ rm __pycache__/foobar.cpython-39.pyc
$ PYTHONHASHSEED=1 ./python -m compileall --invalidation-mode=unchecked-hash foobar.py
Compiling 'foobar.py'...
$ sha256sum __pycache__/foobar.cpython-39.pyc
46dadbb92ad6e1e5b5f8abe9f107086cd231b2b80c15fe84f86e2081a6b8c428 __pycache__/foobar.cpython-39.pyc

In this case there are no sets. I guess the cause is different. Should I open a new issue?

[yan12125]

bpo-37596 merged a fix to enable deterministic frozensets. I think this issue can be closed?

Regarding my last comment msg347820 - it seems similar to one of https://bugs.python.org/issue34033 or https://bugs.python.org/issue34093. I followed those tickets instead.